Building wall structure



March 27, 1956 o. w. CLEMANS 2,739,364

BUILDING WALL STRUCTURE Filed NOV. 14, 1952 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN VEN TOR J4 Or/o W 6762120276:

%77202/20z w 9M0: ATTORNEYS March 1956 o. w. CLEMANS BUILDING WALL STRUCTURE 2 Sheets-Sheet Filed Nov. 14, 1952 "xx in R m 0 E 8 m va H mm WA M u G W w p r 1 O W ire This invention relates to an improved form construction, adaptable for use as an apparatus for erecting cementitious walls formed with interior air spaces.

One important object of the present invention is to provide an improved building wall structure which Will be so designed as to permit the erection and dismantling of forms in a desirably short period of time.

Another object of importance is to provide a building wall structure wherein a single set of forms can be repeatedly used, by adjustment of said forms to successively higher elevations, thus to erect a building wall to a selected height.

Another object of importance is to provide a building wall structure as stated wherein means will be embodied in said forms for spacing the inner and outer wall portions selected distances apart, thus to provide for an air space of a selected width.

Yet another object is to provide a building wall structure of the type stated in which various arrangements of the spaced inner and outer wall portions can be effected, and wherein, further, the exterior surface of the building wall can be selectively configured to represent clapboard, shingles, etc.

Gther objects will appear from the following description, the claims appended thereto, and from the annexed drawings, in which like reference characters designate like parts throughout the several views, and wherein:

Figure l is a horizontal, longitudinal sectional view through a portion of a building wall formed in accordance with the present invention, as it appears with the forms applied thereto;

Figure 2 is a front elevational view of one of the component part of the forms;

Figure 3 is a top plan, on an enlarged scale, of a spreader means embodied in the form construction;

Figure 4 is a side elevational view of said spreader means;

Figure 5 is a fragmentary, horizontal, longitudinal sectional view showing the means for connecting adjacent form portions;

Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 1, showing the form construction used where a window is to be mounted in the wall;

Figure 7 is a fragmentary, vertical, transverse sectional view through a completed building wall;

Figure 8 is a fragmentary horizontal section showing one form of corner construction of a building wall;

Figure 9 is a view similar to Figure 8, showing another form of corner construction;

Figure 10 is a fragmentary, horizontal sectional view showing the wall construction at the location of a partition;

Figure 11 is a view similar to Figure 10, showing a modified form of partition;

Figure 12 is a view similar to Figure 10, showing the construction at the location of crossing partitions; and Figure 13 is a view similar to Figure 12, showing a modified form of crossing partitions.

States Patent 46 having aligned apertures.

Referring to the drawings in detail, the reference numeral 10 has been applied to designate an outer form panel, said panel being preferably formed of plywood or the like. The reference numeral 12 has been applied to a second outer panel, also of plywood or similar material, the outer panels 10, 12 representing the outer portions of a form into which concrete or other cementitious material can be poured.

Formed in the outer panel 16 is a plurality of smooth walled bolt-receiving openings 14, the panel 12 having a series of openings 16 aligned transversely of the form with the respective openings 14.

Figure 2 shows one of the panels 12, and as will be noted, said panel is relatively elongated in relation to the height thereof, the panel having uniformly spaced pairs of openings 16, with the openings of each pair being aligned transversely of the panel.

Extendable through the several openings 14, 16 are elongated tie bolts 18, said bolts having nuts 20 engaged against the panels ill). The heads of the bolts can be formed with handles, if desired, for the purpose of rotating the bolts with a minimum of difiiculty. Alternatively, and as shown, the heads of the bolts can be adapted to receive a wrench or like tool.

Loosely fitted upon the shank of each bolt 18 are buttons 22, one button engaging against the inner surface of the panel lit and the other button engaging against the inner surface of the panel 12. The purpose of the buttons 22 is to prevent the leakage of concrete or other material through the openings 14, 1.6 respectively.

Engaged against the buttons 22 are sleeves 24 of wood material or the like, said sleeves 24- serving as a means for insulating the bolt shanks against the poured concrete, thus to permit the bolts to be removed readily when the forms are to be removed following the setting of the concrete.

The form structure illustrated in Figure 1 also includes inner form panels 26, 28, said panels being spaced apart to define an interior air space within the building wall. The panels 26 and 23 have openings aligned with the openings 14, 16, for extension of the tie bolts through the inner panels.

At spaced intervals, the panels 28 are provided with means for forming a vertical locking rib on the concrete wall, within the air space. To this end, I utilize spaced, relatively narrow, vertically disposed form panels 30, said panels being held in proper position by bracing posts 32 secured to the panels 26, 28 respectively. Extending between the form panels 30 is a form panel 34, the panel 34 being spaced away from the adjacent panel 26 by wedges 36.

Dowels are embedded in the concrete'poured in the space defined by the panels fill, 34, for a purpose to be made presently apparent.

By reason of the provision of the panels 30, 34, an interlocking rib or section 37 is defined when the concrete is poured.

It is desired, in accordance with the present invention, to space the inner panels 26, 2.8 adjusted distances apart, thereby to vary the width of the air space of the building wall as desired. To this end, spacer blocks 40, 42 are provided at spaced intervals in the form, said blocks being disposed in the air space defined between the panels 26, 28. The spacer blocks lit, 42 are of wedge shape, as shown in Figure 4, the block 40 tapering toward its upper and the blocl: 42 tapering toward its other end, the outer side surfaces of the respective blocks being vertically disposed.

Fixedly secured to the inclined inner surface of the block 40 is an elongated bracket 4d, said bracket having laterally pro ected ears 46 at its opposite ends, the ears The apertures of the ears Patented Mar. 27, 1956 46"are aligned with apertures formed in the laterally projected ears of a bracket 48, the ears ot the bracket 48 being designated by the reference numeral 50. The bracket 48 is secured to the inclined inner surface of the block-42, inthe space; between the blocks.

The aperture ofthe lower ear 46 is threaded, the shank ofan adjusting bolt 52 being complementarily threaded and engaged in saidaperture of the lower car 46. The apertures of the cars 58 and of the other car 46 are of smooth walled formation.

Welded or otherwise fixedly secured to the lower end of the bolt 52 is a stop collar 54, said collar being disposed below the lower ear 46. A collar 56 is fixedly secured to the shank of the bolt 52, between the lower car 46 and the lower ear 50.

It will be seen that to space the panels 26, 28 apart aselected distance, it is merely necessary that the spacer blocks 42, 40 be inserted in the space between said panels. Thereafter, the bolt 52 is shifted downwardly or upwardly as the case may be, to bring either the collar 54 or 56 in engagement with the ear 46. Rotation of the bolt 52 will then be effective to shift the blocks 40, 42 in opposite directions relative to one another, thereby to increase or reduce, to any extent desired, the distance between the panel-engaging outer surfaces of said spacer blocks.

In assembling the form shown in Figure 1, the panels 26, 28 would first be spaced apart a selected distance, after which the bolts 18 are extended through said panels, and through the outer panels 10, 12. After the form has been erected in the manner shown in Figure 1, concrete 58 can be poured in the spaces between the respective panels 26, 28 and 10, 12.

After the concrete has been poured in this manner, the forms can be removed, the removal of the forms being accomplished by the extraction of the bolts 18 andthe loosening of the bolt 52.

In Figure 5, there is illustrated a means for connecting the adjacent ends of adjacent panels. Thus, the adjacent ends of two panels 12 are illustrated, and overlapping said ends is a tie panel 60 having openings 62 registering with the openings 16 of the panels 12. The tie bolts 18 are passed through said openings 62, 16 and thus the adjacent panels 12 are fixedly connected.

InFigure 6 there is shown the construction which would be utilized where an opening is to be formed in the wall, which opening might be, for example, either a window or a door opening. At such a location, the spaced concrete wall portions are joined, the inner panels 26, 28 terminating short of the window or door opening, with a. transverse panel 64 being extended between the coterminus ends of said panels 25, 28. Brace posts or stops 66 are secured to the panels 26, 28, the panel 64 abutting against said stops.

The formation of the window or door opening is achieved by utilizing a cross panel 68, extending between the panels 10, 12.

The cross panel 68 can be located wherever desired, and to this end, clamping means is embodied in the form construction, said means comprising openings 70 formed in the panels 10, 12 ,and C-clamps 72 engaged in said openings. The O-clamps 72 are utilized to mount stop blocks 73 upon the inner surfaces of the panels 10, 12, said stop blocks engaging opposite edges of the cross panel 68.

It will thus be seen that when the concrete 58 is poured in the form, an opening for a door or window will be left.

In Figure 7 there is illustrated a section of a building wall formed in accordance with the present invention. The sectional view shown in Fig. '7, in this connection, would be taken transversely through the wall at the location of the interlocking section or rib 37 of Figure 1.

It will thus be seen that the interlocking rib or section might, at the bottom of the wall, be formed uponthe.

inner concrete wall portion. Then, the forms are raised to pour additional concrete, thereby to increase the height of the wall. When the forms are erected at the higher elevation, they are so disposed as to form an interlocking rib on the outer wall portion 76, the interlocking rib being designated 78 and being interlocked with the oppositely disposed rib or section 37 by a dowel 38.

As the height of the wall. increases, the several interlocking sections are-disposed in alternating or staggered arrangement, each section overlapping the section next below. This provides adesirably. strong interlocking arrangement, the interlocking means being spaced uniformly throughout the length of the building wall.

In Figure 8 there is. illustrated a fragmentary portion of a wall formed in accordance with the present invention, Figure 8 showing theconstruction at a corner of the wall. The inner wall portion has been designated 82, the outer wall portion being designated '80. An interlocking section 84 is integrally formed upon the inner wall portion 82, said section 84 being of approximately rectangular cross sectional configuration and being spaced closely. at its outside wall from the inner surface ofv the outer Wall, portion 80. When. a wall is formed in the manner shown in Figure 8, the next portion of wall added above that shown in this figure of the drawing would have the interlocking section. 84 formed upon the outer wall portion 80, and partially overlapping the locking section shown in the drawing.

In Figure 9 there is illustrated'an arrangement wherein an outer wall portion 86 is spaced. from an inner wall portion 88, said outer wall, portion having an interlock ing corner section 90 recessed throughout its height as at 92 to receive the adjacent corner portion of the .inner wall 88;

As the height of the wall shown in Figure 9 is increased, the next corner section 90 would be formed upon thev inner wall portion 88, and would overlap that corner section shown in the drawing.

In Figure 10 there is shown a construction, illustrating the wall" where a partition intersects with said wall. In Figure 10, the inner wall portion 96 is integral with spaced" apart partitioning portions. 98; said portions 98 being extended intothe air space between the inner and outer wall portions 96, 94' to form interlocking sections 100; Additional interlocking sections would be soarrangedas to be staggered or alternated with the sections 100. Thus, the bottom-most portion of the wall might have the sections 100 formed upon the partitions 98. Then, the section next above would have the sections 100 formed upon the outer wall portion 94' in overlapping relation to said interlocking sections shown in the drawing. This arrangement would be followed outthroughoutthe height of the wall, in the same mannershown in- Figure 7 and discussed in reference to Figures 8 and 9.

In Figure 11, there is shown a partitioning structure whereinan outer wall portion 102 is spaced from an inner wall portion 104, said inner wall portion 104' being integrallyformed with spaced partition portions 186.

Interlocking sections 188 are formed upon the outer wall portion 102, said interlocking sections 168 being adapted for alternation with the sections 1000f Figure 10.

In Figure 12, an inner wall portion is integral with partition portions 112, the partition portions 112 being extended inwardly ofthebuilding wall to provide interlocking sections 114; which sections 114 extend toward wall portions 116 spaced from and parallel to the portions 110-.

Integrally formed" upon the portions 116 are partition portions 118, coplanar, with the portions 112.

Thus, the construction shownin Figure 12 can be utilized where two partitions intersectwithvone another.

After the forms have beennsed to permit pouring of concrete,inthearrangemenhshown in Figure, 12, they, are removed and elevated so, as, to. permit, additional, concrete to be poured upon the Figure 12 structure, in a manner shown in Figure 13. Thus, the additional concrete poured above that shown in Figure 12 provides a wall portion 120 constituting an upper extension of the portions 110, said portions 120 being integral with partition portions 122.

Spaced from and parallel to the portions 120 are partition portions 124 integral with portions 126, interlocking sections 128 being formed upon the portions 126 and being adapted to interlock with the sections 114 shown in Figure 12.

It will be obvious that the exterior surface of the building wall can be shaped in any way desired, by selective formation of the form panels. Thus, the inner surface of the outermost form panel can be so formed as to cause the concrete, when poured, to simulate clapboard siding, shingles, individual building blocks, etc. This is believed sufliciently obvious as not to require special illustration herein.

It is an important characteristic of the invention that end thereof. In utilizing the forms of the invention, the

wall might be initially poured to a height of perhaps two feet, if, for example, the panels 10, 12, 26, and 28 are two feet high. After the concrete has set the panels can be removed, and can be raised for the purpose of permitting another two feet of concrete to be poured upon that already used.

As previously noted, the interlocking sections would, throughout the height of the building wall, be staggered or alternated, to assure the desired rigidity.

The building wall formed in accordance with the present invention can of course be of any length or height, and can be shaped as desired, with a center air space of a selected width.

Furthermore, the erection of the panels can be accomplished with maximum speed and facility, and the dismantling or removal of the panels can be accomplished with equal speed.

It may be noted that if desired, the openings left by removal of the bolts 18 can be plugged with concrete or like material, to seal the inner air space of the building wall.

It is believed apparent that the invention is not necessarily confined to the specific use or uses thereof described above, since it may be utilized for any purpose to which it may be suited. Nor is the invention to be limited neces sarily to the specific construction illustrated and described, since such construction is only intended to be illustrative of the principles of operation and the means presently devised to carry out said principles, it being considered that the invention comprehends any minor change in construction that may be permitted within the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. Building wall forms comprising a pair of transversely spaced outer form panels; a pair of spaced apart inner form panels, the spacing of said inner form panels being adapted to define therebetween an air space; tie bolts extending through the several panels; means for adjustably spacing the inner panels apart, a pair of form panels arranged in vertical spaced relation positioned transversely within the air space between said inner panels, one of the complemental end edges of said form panels being on opposite sides of an opening formed in one of the inner panels, a pair of spaced bracing posts carried by each of said inner panels, the outer face of each form panel bearing against the adjacent bracing post, another form panel arranged vertically between said form panels adjacent the other of said inner panels and forming with said pair of form panels in the opening of said one of the inner panels a space for producing a vertical rib, and means for holding said another form panel away from the other of said inner panels.

2. Building wall forms comprising a pair of low outer panels coextensive in height, said outer panels being spaced apart a distance corresponding to the overall width of a wall to be formed thereby; a pair of inner form panels disposed in the space between the outer panels; spacer blocks disposed between the inner panels to hold said inner panels apart, thereby to define an air space therebetween; means for adjusting the spacer blocks toward and away from one another, thereby to correspondingly adjust the spacing between the inner panels; tie bolts extending transversely of and connecting the several panels, a pair of form panels arranged in vertical spaced relation positioned transversely within the air space between said inner panels, one of the complemental end edges of said form panels being on opposite sides of an opening formed in one of the inner panels, a pair of spaced bracing posts carried by each of said inner panels, the outer face of each form panel bearing against the adjacent bracing post, another form panel arranged vertically between said form panels adjacent the other of said inner panels and forming with said pair of form panels in the opening of said one of the inner panels a space for producing a vertical rib, and means for holding said another form panel away from the other of said inner panels.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 713,173 Taylor Nov. 11, 1902 1,020,919 Lake Mar. 19, 1912 1,142,388 Alexander June 8, 1915 1,421,956 Kestler July 4, 1922 1,587,500 Blackman June 8, 1926 1,702,659 Miles Feb. 19, 1929 1,730,533 Rose Oct. 8, 1929 1,830,397 Kleitz Nov. 3, 1931 2,304,851 Schlatter et al Dec. 15, 1942 2,566,528 Mackie Sept. 4, 1951 

